Objective To explore the potential categories of resilience in emergency nurses and to analyze the influencing factors in these categories in Shanghai, providing a basis for nursing managers to formulate personalized intervention programs.

Methods From June to July 2021, 349 nurses in the emergency department from two top tertiary general hospitals and two secondary hospitals in Shanghai were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed using the questionnaires of the Resilience Scale of Medical Staff, the Job Crafting Scale, the Employee Work Passion Scale, and the Perceived Leader Selection Scale. The potential profile analysis model was used to identify the potential categories of stress resistance, and the multi-classification logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of the potential categories.

Results A total of 343 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 98.28%. The mean of the total resilience score of the 343 participants was (71.33 ±11.41), including decisional coping (24.84 ±3.91), interpersonal connections (16.93 ±2.57), rational thinking (15.70 ±2.93), and flexible adjustment (15.87 ±3.02). Three latent classes of resilience were identified: the low resilience group (51, 14.9%), the moderate resilience group (103, 30.0%), and the high resilience group (189, 55.1%). Logistic regression analysis showed that for each point increase in work remodeling score, the odds of low resilience nurses transitioning to the moderate resilience group increased to 1.109 times (P < 0.001). For each point increase in work remodeling and work passion scores, the odds of low resilience nurses transitioning to the high resilience groups increased to 1.194 and 1. 094 times, respectively (both P < 0.01).

Conclusions Three latent classes of resilience were identified among emergency department nurses with distinct group characteristics. Nursing managers should adopt individualized and phased intervention measures, such as enhancing nurses' work passion and work remodeling, to improve the resilience level of emergency department nurses.