新疆生物安全实验室工作人员轮班工作与职业倦怠对其睡眠质量的影响分析

巨珂珂; 吴丽; 俞婧; 周燚然; 张宇航; 古丽加依娜·艾肯; 卢耀勤

doi:10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2025.230698

新疆生物安全实验室工作人员轮班工作与职业倦怠对其睡眠质量的影响分析

Effects of sh ift work and job burnout on sleep quality among biosafety laboratory personnel in Xinjiang

摘要

摘要:
目的了解新疆生物安全实验室（BSL）工作人员睡眠质量情况以及轮班工作与职业倦怠对睡眠质量的影响。
方法 2022年7月，采用电子问卷对新疆各地BSL工作人员1 980人进行问卷调查。职业倦怠采用《职业倦怠调查表》进行调查，睡眠质量采用《匹兹堡睡眠质量指数》量表进行调查。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析睡眠质量的影响因素，并调整混杂因素。通过计算超额相对危险度、交互作用指数和归因比以评价轮班工作与职业倦怠的相加交互作用。
结果共回收有效问卷1 591份，问卷有效回收率为80.35%。研究对象总体睡眠质量得分中位数和第25、75百分位数为6.00（4.00，9.00）分。logistic回归分析结果显示：相对于初级职称，中级职称的BSL工作人员发生睡眠障碍的风险降低（OR=0.70，P < 0.05）；与年龄 < 30岁组相比，30~39岁、40~49岁、≥ 50岁组更易发生睡眠障碍（OR=1.56、1.87、2.86，均P < 0.01）；与固定白班者相比，轮班工作人员更易发生睡眠障碍（OR=1.18，P < 0.01）；与无职业倦怠者相比，有职业倦怠的人员更容易发生睡眠障碍（OR=3.09，P < 0.01）。在调整了混杂因素（年龄、性别、文化程度、职称、婚姻、个人月均收入、倒班）后，多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，职业倦怠合并轮班工作的BSL工作人员发生睡眠障碍的风险是无职业倦怠合并白班人员的4.09倍（95% CI：2.71~6.17）。交互作用相对超额危险度比、交互作用指数、交互作用归因比分别为2.07（95% CI：1.10~3.05）、2.74（95% CI：1.32~5.69）、48.6%（95% CI：30.90%~66.30%）。
结论职业倦怠和轮班工作在影响BSL工作人员睡眠质量中存在协同作用，当职业倦怠和轮班工作同时存在时可增加其睡眠障碍的风险。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the sleep quality of biosafety laboratory(BSL) personnel in Xinjiang and assess the impact of shift work and job burnout on sleep quality.
Methods In July 2022, an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 980 BSL personnel across Xinjiang. Job burnout was assessed using the MBI-General Survey(MBIGS), while sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing sleep quality, with adjustments for confounding variables. The interactive effects of shift work and job burnout on sleep quality were analyzed by calculation of excess relative risk, interaction index, and attributable proportion.
Results A total of 1 591 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 80.35%. The median(25th and 75th percentiles) of the overall sleep quality score were 6.00 (4.00, 9.00) points. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of sleep disorders was reduced for BSL personnel with intermediate professional titles relative to those with junior titles(OR = 0.70, P < 0.05). Compared with workers aged < 30 years, those aged 30 to 39, 40 to 49, and ≥ 50 years were more likely to experience sleep disorders(OR = 1.56, 1.87, 2.86, all P < 0.01). Shift workers had a higher risk of sleep disorders than those who worked regular day shifts (OR = 1.18, P < 0.01). Workers with job burnout were more prone to sleep disorders compared to those without burnout(OR = 3.09, P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, gender, education level, professional title, marital status, personal monthly income, and shift patterns), multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of poor sleep quality was 4.09 times higher(95%CI: 2.71 to 6.17) in BSL personnel experiencing both job burnout and shift work than in those with neither. The interaction excess relative risk, interaction index, and attributable proportion were 2.07(95%CI: 1.10 to 3.05), 2.74 (95%CI: 1.32 to 5.69), and 48.6%(95%CI: 30.90% to 66.30%), respectively.
Conclusions There was a synergistic interaction between job burnout and shift work in influencing the sleep quality of BSL personnel. The coexistence of job burnout and shift work significantly increased the risk of sleep disorders.

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