Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of disaster preparedness among military civilian nursing personnel, providing a scientific basis for constructing a disaster response training system for military civilian personnel.

Methods In June 2024, a convenience sampling method was employed to select 156 nursing personnel undergoing civilian professional training at a military academy as the subjects of the study. A general information questionnaire and the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool (DPET) scale were used to investigate the subjects, and the multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors of disaster preparedness.

Results A total of 135 questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 86.5%. The total score of disaster preparedness among military civilian nursing personnel was (174.34 ± 40.28) points, with an average item score of (3.87 ± 0.90) points. The average item scores for disaster knowledge, disaster skills, and disaster management dimensions were (4.12 ± 0.89), (3.55 ± 1.07), and (3.89 ± 0.93) points, respectively. The multivariable linear regression analysis results showed that compared with civilian nursing personnel who had not participated in emergency rescue drills, those who had participated had higher scores in disaster knowledge, skills, management, and total preparedness by 5.043, 6.936, 8.464, and 26.889 points, respectively (all P < 0.05). Compared with civilian nursing personnel who had not participated in emergency rescue training, those who had participated had a higher score in disaster knowledge by 5.926 points (P < 0.01). Compared with civilian nursing personnel with 1 to 5 years of work experience, those with ≥ 16 years of work experience had a higher score in disaster skills by 5.581 points (P < 0.01). Compared with civilian nursing personnel who lacked confidence in completing emergency rescue tasks, those who were confident had a higher score in disaster management by 9.096 points (P < 0.05).

Conclusions The disaster preparedness of military civilian nursing personnel was at a moderate level, with relatively weak disaster skills. It is recommended that relevant departments should focus on disaster education and training for military civilian nursing personnel, increase the frequency and participation in emergency rescue drills, and promote the comprehensive improvement of disaster preparedness among civilian nursing personnel.