李榔, 邓文萍, 管华. 基于熵权-优劣解距离法的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力评价研究[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2025, 43(4): 523-529. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2025.240685
引用本文: 李榔, 邓文萍, 管华. 基于熵权-优劣解距离法的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力评价研究[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2025, 43(4): 523-529. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2025.240685
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LI Lang, DENG Wenping, GUAN Hua. Evaluation of emergency management capacity for public health emergencies using entropy weight-TOPSIS method[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2025, 43(4): 523-529. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2025.240685
Citation: LI Lang, DENG Wenping, GUAN Hua. Evaluation of emergency management capacity for public health emergencies using entropy weight-TOPSIS method[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2025, 43(4): 523-529. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2025.240685
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基于熵权-优劣解距离法的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力评价研究

Evaluation of emergency management capacity for public health emergencies using entropy weight-TOPSIS method

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的  了解我国华中、华南主要地区的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力现状，分析其能力差异，为省级层面的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力评估和优化提供指导。
    方法  依据应急管理全过程理念，构建突发公共卫生事件应急管理评价指标体系，采用熵权法对指标体系赋予权重，运用优劣解距离法（TOPSIS）对华中、华南地区6个省或自治区在2017—2022年的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力进行量化分析。
    结果  从医疗卫生保障能力、风险预防能力、应急处置能力、恢复重建能力4个方面，构建了包括25条指标的突发公共卫生事件应急管理评价指标体系。熵权法赋权结果显示，评价指标体系中开展公众健康教育活动次数指标的综合权重系数最大（0.077 1）。根据熵权-TOPSIS综合评价结果显示，2017—2022年间华中、华南6个省或自治区的突发公共卫生事件应急管理综合指数Ci值介于0.155 5~0.728 3之间，其中广东省在2021年和2022年的突发公共卫生事件应急管理综合能力最好，Ci值分别为0.712 2、0.728 3。
    结论  2017—2022年间华中、华南地区整体突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力提升，但地区间能力差异明显，各维度能力发展不均衡。建议政府采取政策措施，优化应急资源配置，提升应急风险预防能力，以实现区域应急管理能力的均衡发展。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  To assess the current status and regional disparities in emergency management capacity for public health emergencies in provinces of Central and Southern China and to provide guidance for provincial-level evaluation and optimization strategies.
    Methods  An emergency management of public health emergencies evaluation index system was constructed based on the full-cycle concept of emergency management. The entropy weight method was employed to determine the weights of each indicator, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)was used to conduct a quantitative analysis of the emergency management capacity of six provinces or autonomous regions in Central and Southern China from 2017 to 2022.
    Results  The evaluation system for emergency management of public health emergencies comprised 25 indicators across four dimensions: medical and health support capacity, risk prevention capacity, emergency response capacity, and recovery and reconstruction capacity. The entropy weighting results indicated that the indicator for the number of public health education activities had the highest comprehensive weight(0.077 1).According to the combined entropy weight-TOPSIS evaluation, the composite emergency management capacity index(Ci) for these six provinces or autonomous regions in Central and Southern China between 2017 and 2022 ranged from 0.155 5 to 0.728 3. Among these, Guangdong Province demonstrated the highest emergency management capacity in both 2022 and 2021, with Ci values of 0.712 2 and 0.728 3, respectively.
    Conclusion  The overall emergency management capacity for public health emergencies in Central and Southern China was improved from 2017 to 2022. However, the notable disparities remained across regions, with uneven development across different capacity dimensions. It is recommended that the government implement targeted policies to optimize the allocation of emergency resources and enhance risk prevention capacity, thereby promoting more balanced regional development in emergency management.

     

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