2017—2023年广州市白领职工高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素分析

张楚柔; 何英健; 张瑞琪; 邹冠炀; 饶远立

doi:10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2025.240734

2017—2023年广州市白领职工高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素分析

Investigation on prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia among white-collar workers in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2023

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2017—2023年广州市白领职工高尿酸血症的患病情况并探讨其影响因素，为该人群控制血尿酸水平提供科学依据。
方法选取2017年1月—2023年12月在广州市3家三甲综合医院进行体检的职工为研究对象，收集空腹血糖、血尿酸及血脂等检查结果，采用多因素logistic回归模型探讨高尿酸血症的影响因素。
结果共纳入13 918名研究对象，13 334人（占95.8%）至少存在1项检查异常，其中高尿酸血症5 298人，检出率为38.07%。男性总体患病率（48.87%）高于女性（19.55%），但在60岁及以上人群中，女性患病率（54.29%）高于男性（45.45%）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，对于男性，30岁及以上的白领职工患高尿酸血症的风险均高于20 ~ 29岁组（OR = 0.621 ~ 0.744，均P < 0.05）；代谢指标中，三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常的白领职工高尿酸血症的患病风险均升高（OR = 2.250、1.242、1.198，均P < 0.05）；有脂肪肝的白领职工高尿酸血症的患病风险降低（OR = 0.720，95%CI：0.625 ~ 0.829，P < 0.05）。对于女性，30 ~ 39岁、40 ~ 49岁的白领职工高尿酸血症的患病风险低于20 ~ 29岁者（OR = 0.737、0.785，均P < 0.05），而50 ~ 59岁和60岁及以上的白领职工高尿酸血症的患病风险高于20 ~ 29岁者（OR = 1.878、3.106，均P < 0.05）；在代谢指标中，三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常的白领职工高尿酸血症的患病风险均升高（OR = 2.453、1.323、1.197，均P < 0.05）。
结论广州地区白领职工高尿酸血症患病率高，性别、年龄及血脂代谢指标是其主要影响因素，男女患病风险随年龄变化呈现差异化。应针对该人群采取有针对性的健康管理措施。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the prevalence of hyperuricemia among white-collar workers in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2023 and explore its influencing factors so as to provide the scientific basis for controlling serum uric acid levels in this population.
Methods Employees who underwent physical examinations at three comprehensive Grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou during January 2017 and December 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Data on fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid, and blood lipid levels were collected. Multiple factors influencing hyperuricemia were examined using multivariate logistic regression.
Results A total of 13 918 subjects were included, of whom 13 334 (95.8%) had at least one abnormal indicator. Among them, 5 298 individuals were diagnosed with hyperuricemia, with a prevalence rate of 38.07%. The overall prevalence was higher in males (48.87%) than in females (19.55%), but in the population aged ≥ 60, the prevalence in females (54.29%) was higher than in males (45.45%). The sex-stratified multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that for males, the risk of hyperuricemia was higher in those aged ≥ 30 compared to the 20 to 29 age group (OR = 0.621 to 0.744, P < 0.05). Among metabolic indicators, abnormal triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia (OR = 2.250, 1.242, 1.198, P < 0.05). White-collar workers with fatty liver had a lower risk of hyperuricemia (OR = 0.720, 95%CI: 0.625 to 0.829, P < 0.05). For females, the risk of hyperuricemia in the 30 to 39 and 40 to 49 age groups was lower than in the 20 to 29 age group (OR = 0.737, 0.785, P < 0.05), while the risk was higher in the 50 to 59 and ≥ 60 age groups compared to the 20 to 29 group (OR = 1.878, 3.106, P < 0.05). Among metabolic indicators, abnormal triglyceride, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia in white-collar workers (OR = 2.453, 1.323, 1.197, P < 0.05).
Conclusions The prevalence of hyperuricemia among white-collar workers in Guangzhou was high. Gender, age, and blood lipid metabolic indicators were the main influencing factors. The risk of hyperuricemia showed a distinct age-related pattern between men and women. Targeted health management measures should be implemented for this population.

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