Abstract: Lithium battery production, as a cornerstone technology in the new energy sector, has been widely applied in electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems, driving the global energy revolution. However, the manufacturing process involves multiple physical and chemical hazards that may pose adverse health effects on workers. The eyes, as one of the organs most directly exposed to external agents, are particularly vulnerable to chemical irritation, mechanical injury, and optical radiation. Nevertheless, systematic studies on occupational ocular health risks among workers in the lithium battery industry remain limited. This review summarized current research progress on ocular health risks in lithium battery industry workers, presenting the impact of chemical, physical, and multifactorial interactions on eye health and proposing preventive measures and recommendations in order to provide a scientific basis for strengthening occupational health management in the lithium battery industry workers.