Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of occupational health literacy among workers in high-tech industrial parks and to provide the scientific basis for improving their occupational health literacy.

Methods From March to September 2024, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 122 workers exposed to occupational hazards from 32 enterprises in two industrial parks of Minhang District in Shanghai for an occupational health literacy survey.

Results A total of 1 088 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 96.97%. The overall occupational health literacy level among these workers was 64.43%. The occupational health literacy levels in four dimensions-occupational health law knowledge, occupational health protection knowledge, occupational health protection skills, and healthy work styles and behaviors-were 62.78%, 82.17%, 42.46%, and 64.52%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with workers aged 18 to 29, those aged 30 to 39 had higher occupational health literacy levels (OR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.07 to 2.14), while those aged ≥ 50 had lower levels (OR = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.22 to 0.70). Workers with a bachelor's degree or above had a higher occupational health literacy level than those with junior high school education or below (OR = 2.19, 95%CI: 1.34 to 3.58). Workers with 6 to 10 years and ≥ 11 years of service time had higher occupational health literacy levels compared with those with ≤ 2 years of service (OR = 2.07 and 3.15, 95%CI: 1.40 to 3.08 and 1.79 to 5.69, respectively). Workers in medium-sized enterprises had higher occupational health literacy levels than those in large enterprises (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.25). Workers in foreign-funded enterprises had higher occupational health literacy levels than those in state-owned enterprises (OR = 1.70, 95%CI: 1.31 to 1.78). All these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Analysis of influencing factors for different dimensions of occupational health literacy revealed that worker's age and enterprise ownership type were potential factors for occupational health law knowledge; worker's age, and education level, enterprise size, and enterprise ownership type were potential factors for occupational health protection knowledge; worker's age, and education level, and the appointment or not of fulltime occupational health management personnel in the enterprises were potential factors for occupational health protection skills; and worker's age, gender and years of service time, and enterprise size and ownership type were potential factors for healthy work styles and behaviors.

Conclusions Occupational health literacy among workers in the high-tech industrial park of Minhang District, Shanghai, still requires further improvement. The worker's age, education level, and service time, and the enterprise size and ownership types were potential influencing factors of workers' occupational health literacy. The occupational health support should be strengthened for small and micro enterprises and private enterprises. The training should be deepened for workers with lower education levels, younger age, and shorter service time, particularly in occupational health protection skills, so as to continuously promote the enhancement of occupational health literacy.