Abstract: Objective Nano-lithium iron phosphate (nano-LiFePO₄, NLFP) batteries have been widely used in the clean energy sector due to their excellent thermal stability, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. With the rapid expansion of NLFP battery production, the risk of workers' exposure to NLFP-containing dust and/or particulate matter has increased. However, there are few reports on the health effects in occupational populations. The NLFP production process involves the use of main component metals such as lithium and iron, as well as doping elements. Previous studies indicated that nanomaterials with a particle size similar to NLFP may induce toxic effects, and exposure to main component metals such as lithium and iron has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular system damage. Furthermore, the additional metal elements introduced through the doping modification process of NLFP could further exacerbate such health risks. This article reviewed the nanoscale properties of NLFP and the potentially adverse health effects on the cardiovascular system posed by its primary metallic components during production in order to provide scientific evidence and guidance for occupational health protection among NLFP practitioners.