Effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on recovery of skin burn in C57BL/6J mice

Objective To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) in promoting the recovery of burn wound in mice and provide experimental basis for the clinical treatment of BMSCs on skin burn.

Methods BMSCs were cultivated and amplified from bone marrow cell suspension of 3-week-old C57BL/6J mice in vitro. Ten-week-old C57BL/6J mice(n=36)were used to establish the model of skin burn and then randomly divided into local cell transplantation group, tail vein cell transplantation group and control group. BMSCs were transplanted into the mice in cell transplantation groups by local injection and tail vein injection and saline was injected into the mice in control group, 1 h after establishment of skin burn mode. The changes of skin wounds, the wound healing rate, the changes of inflammatory factors and pathological changes were observed till 21 days.

Results BMSCs had unlimited proliferation, and differentiated into osteoblasts, chondroblasts and lipoblasts. The wound healing rates of mice reached 98.2% and 99.0% at day 21 in the local cell transplantation group and the tail vein cell transplantation group, and there was no significant difference between the cell transplantation groups(P > 0.05). However, the wound healing rate of the control group was significantly lower than that of the two cell transplantation groups after 7 day(P < 0.05). After BMSCs transplantation, the levels of leucocyte and IL-6 in the cell transplantation groups were significantly lower than those in the control group at 3 and 5 days(P < 0.05). The levels of C-reactive protein and TNF-α in the cell transplantation groups were significantly lower than those in the control group at 3, 7 and 14 days(P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in the levels of each inflammatory factor at 21 day(P > 0.05). In the two cell transplantation groups, the collagen fibers were abundant and skin tissue structure was clear at 21 days, while in the control group, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen disorder and hyperemia were still observed at 21 days.

Conclusion BMSCs can promote the recovery of skin burn wound in C57BL/6J mice.